The overarching goal of UGOS is to improve forecasting of the Gulf’s oceanographic conditions at spatial and temporal scales relevant to key stakeholders, particularly in reducing risks for offshore energy exploration and production. This is achieved through cost-effective ocean observations, advanced data assimilation techniques, and improvements to forecast models. More than 100 researchers from 30 organizations are contributing to this critical effort.
All observational assets are fully operational, including a network of Argo[-equivalent] floats, a PIES/current meter array and HF radar system in the Yucatán [Channel], an array of PIES on the Sigsbee Escarpment (with data retrieval via an autonomous surface vehicle), and coordinated glider and surface drifter missions. The extensive deployment of (Argo) [profiling] floats has been particularly impactful, providing continuous, high-resolution temperature and salinity profiles to refine predictive models and enhance real-time ocean monitoring.
The initiative continues to push forward with cutting-edge modeling efforts—including HYCOM, MITgcm, TOPS, and ROMS—using Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) and Observing System Experiments (OSEs) to optimize observational strategies. Most recently, the Mini Adaptive Sampling Test Run (MASTR) experiment was successfully completed, paving the way for the Grand Adaptive Sampling Experiment (GrASE) over the next 24 months. GrASE will focus on better understanding the conditions that lead to Loop Current Eddy separation, employing a combination of gliders, APEX floats, and surface drifters. Three forecast models with full real-time data assimilation will guide an adaptive sampling strategy throughout the experiment.
With the UGOS program entering its final stretch, the milestone of 10,000 temperature and salinity profiles underscores the considerable progress made in advancing Gulf oceanography. These efforts will leave a lasting legacy, improving forecasting capabilities and reducing uncertainties in offshore energy operations for years to come.
